Write reflection paper about this question. The liquid soap is added to help break down cell membranes to release the DNA. The probable reason for the tinted brown shade in the human epithelial DNA and not the strawberry DNA is that human epithelial DNA is extracted from one's mouth in which. Watch biologist Melissa Wilson Sayres as she shows you step-by-step how to extract DNA from a banana. /Pages 3 0 R Approximately 3ml of banana solution were dispenced into each test tube. This process was repeated for 4 times. DNA Extraction process DNA is an incredibly small molecule, but in large quantities, it can be seen. The actual DNA structure is seen as a double helix in which two strands are wound around each other. Although nowadays very few errors are made due to scientists using biotechnology equipment that allows them to look at DNA to see exactly how organisms are different, and find out how they work. /CreationDate (D:20220315063300+02'00') The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Then the salt and shampoo had to be dissolved into the mixture by stirring slowly by avoiding foaming. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. 9. /Type /ExtGState Why do you put liquid soap in a banana strainer? DNA contains the instructions required to build each living thing. Segments, or pieces, of DNA are called "genes." Hear Let this two-layer mixture sit for eight minutes. Because DNA is in every cell, there is a lot of it in an organism. number: 206095338, E-mail us: DNA extraction is integral to the process of genetic modification of plants. Scientists, teachers, writers, illustrators, and translators are all important to the program. For more info, see, Modern Language Association, 7th Ed. (B) Banana Extraction 1. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. 0000004435 00000 n
<< Banana DNA Extraction Lab Name: _____ Objectives: Describe where DNA is located in a plant cell. 1 ) Peel a banana and take about of it 2 ) In a ziplock bag , mash the banana until it is a liquid 3 ) Mix 20 m L of the extraction buffer with the banana liquid The goal of this lab is to extract the genetic material from an organism so that it can be seen with the naked eye . In addition, there are four kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA. It is amazing how important things are being discovered by persons who spend most of their lives dedicated to research. The conical flasks was labelled S and SS. Pour the saltwater mix into the bag. 1 1 . and animals have DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). * To observe the extraction of genomic DNA from plant cells. DNA Extraction from Kiwifruit Student Instructions Introduction DNA is present in the cells of all living organisms. Close the bag and very gently squeeze and move the saltwater and banana mush together. 6 (5 points) Which of the applications of genomics listed below can be used in agriculture? 0000044671 00000 n
trailer
Add the dishwashing soap into the bag and gentlymix, trying not to make it foam up. Each strand of the helix consists of a linear polymer made up of genetic building blocks called nucleotides. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Two of the nitrogenous bases, adenine and guanine, belong to a group of compounds known as purines. Did you know that we have over 70,000 essays on 3,000 topics in our Gentlymush the water and banana for 45 seconds. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. 3 For what purposes is DNA extraction done give at least 3 purposes for which you may need to extract DNA? The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". %%EOF
After stirring for five to ten minutes, the mixture of banana and shampoo was filtered by pouring it into the coffee filter and letting the solution drain for several minutes until there was approximately five milliliters of filtrate to test. It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity. Possible Materials and Equipment Measuring cup . 5) Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C . By continuing well assume youre on board with our Video of this experiment can be found here: DN #s !ou"% #" the ce$$s o! $#*u#, bamboo s)ewer +a tw#r$#"g mot#o" wor)s best. support@phdessay.com. The test tube solution. You don't want the mixture to become too foamy. 2 0 obj
An academic unit ofThe College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, You may need to edit author's name to meet the style formats, which are in most cases "Last name, First name. Motivation: Recent technological promotions in the field of genomics have resulted in Following Generation DNA Sequencing Technologies. 135 32
This is the DNA pieces clumping together. You may understand that mashing a banana can break cells apart and help break apart cell walls, but why was all that other stuff added? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Essentials of Genetics. Studying DNA is one way scientists learn about what is necessary for life. Presentation for the Living Faith Series, May 16, 2021 /AIS false For DNA polymerase to begin replication, the primer used in Sanger sequencing A.can have any nucleotide sequence B.will have a complementary sequence to the 3 end C.will have a. The filtrate, or filtered solution from the bag, was then placed into a test tube. By volunteering, or simply sending us feedback on the site. However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. 8. The solution was stirred well and slowly. * To investigate the effect of temperature on DNA extraction from bananas. Aim: To extract DNA from a banana using simple household items Hypothesis: DNA is found in the cells of every living organism. The banana mixtures were cooled in the ice chest containing ice for 2 minutes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. o/ H|9 O7ze~.p
-s'NK SNlg7WO dq=}i43 The bananas were mashed for about 5 minutes. Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. 0000044903 00000 n
4.
C q" The test tubes were carefully handled to avoid shaking. 0000001162 00000 n
We are going to use fruits because they are soft and easy to pulverize. Banana bunchy top of your problem is a few minutes without seeds and reseeding of cookies before placing the parts of genomic distribution, but any spills. If you are interested in helping with the website we have a Volunteers page to get the process started. This could be a problem if two bacteria looked similar because they could easily. Explain what procedures are required to release DNA from a plant cell . You may see some bubbles and cloudy material moving around in the alcohol. 5 0 obj Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? 4 0 obj
During the procedure of the lab, a ratio of one banana per one cup (250 milliliters) of distilled water had to be mixed together in a blender. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Do this for 30 to 45 seconds. DNA extraction is a method to purify DNA by using physical and/or chemical methods from a sample separating DNA from cell membranes, proteins, and other cellular components. I. K International Publising House. %
The authors pay attention to genetic basis. >> What is the best fruit to extract DNA from? ASU - Ask A Biologist. However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. Place a very small sample of the extracted DNA on a microscope slide and place one drop of Aceto-orecin stain on the . How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? collected. >> Need urgent help with your paper? To extract DNA for this activity, it is best to use mushy fruit. The information in DNA tells our bodies how to develop, grow, and work. The process involves a few general steps, including mashing, filtration, precipitation, and extraction. For molecular research, the quality and integrity of DNA obtained will affect the reliability of subsequent results. The bananas were mushed carefully to avoid the bag from breaking. Press ESC to cancel. Then the DNA can be precipitated out of the solution by adding alcohol. Describe the limitations of traditional methods of Identifying bacteria. 0000040445 00000 n
We will use common household products to break apart the cells in a banana and extract out the DNA. We succesfully investigated the effect of temperature on DNA extraction from bananas. f MATERIALS Fresh Bananas Droppers Water 70% rubbing alcohol 3 Plastic Bag (Ziplock) Salt Liquid Dish Soap Mixing bowl (Medium size) Measuring spoon Measuring cup 3 Beaker (Big and Community Solutions, The Mysterious Case of the Missing Periods, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/04/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/, 1/2 peeled ripe banana (you can also use strawberries or other fruit), very cold rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) placed in freezer ahead of time. All of these instructions fit within tiny packages within our tiny cells, so that is all way too tiny for anyone to ever really see or touch, right? (60 oC) 2. For instance, the detergent or soap helps to break down the cells outer membrane, and the salt helps to separate the DNA from other materials in the cell. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. DNA can be extracted and observed. The cells in a sample are separated from each other, often by a physical means such as grinding or vortexing, and put into a solution containing salt. /Width 625 Remove and discard the used coffee filter. My averages of all three fruits range from a difference compared to the other fruit of 1.67, 0.33 and 2. /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. We do in fact share about 50% of our genes with plants including bananas. Bananas have 44.1% of genetic makeup in common with humans. Humans share 50% of our DNA with a banana.. The nuclei acid DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid serves as the genetic material in all living organisms as well as in most viruses. (60 oC) 2. JFIF d d C Stir gently trying to avoid making too many bubbles in the mixture. Let's think of three of the main itemswe added to the bananas. The soap breaks apart the cell membrane and the cell parts that hold the DNA. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Lab Report Banana Dna. This lab was conducted in order to show and analyze the way DNA is extracted. Strawberry+DNA+Lab+Spangler+Science (1).docx, Bio 110 Online Digestive Physiology, Salivary Amylase Lab WALSH.docx, not launch physical fights with men only if she were drunk they said might a, references to earlier songs include How do you like them egg rolls Mr Goldstone, The height of a binary tree is the maximum number of edges in any root to leaf, determination creates a sensual order of knowledge that aims at the subversion, 621 Designates the specific isomer associated with the common name the typical, CS 3303 Data Structures Discussion Forum Unit 5 Solution 4.docx, turbine is 32 m higher than its outlet What is the work output of the turbine if, Monterrey Whitman hailed it as another clinching proof of the indomitable energy, Egypts strong material and diplomatic support for Iraq in the war with Iran led, TITLE Direct Submission JOURNAL Submitted 23 OCT 2014 Pure and Applied Technical, 499 mol From the equation mole ratio of SO 2 to SO 3 1 1 number of moles of SO 3, ICTICT509_QFC1809050_Aaradhana_sub1FINAL.docx, 4 Defensive strategies a Joint ventures these occur when two or more companies, Gr ac e Norri s i s a 50 y e a r old hou s e wif e who r e c e n t ly s e l e ct, 37 If airline tickets are not sold on a particular date or time potential, Copy of News Article Analysis Worksheet (1).pdf. 0000002648 00000 n
The filtration step (pouring the mixture through the strainer) allows for the collection of the DNA and other cellular substances. /CA 1.0 The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". * Peter J. Bowler (1989). /SMask /None>> 0000006243 00000 n
Spin the stirrer it in place to start gathering the cloudy stuff. In . the DN +co$or' texture', The soap so$ut#o" co"ta#"s so%#um $aure$ su$!ate' wh#ch, the soap pu$$s apart the !ats +$#p#%s a"% prote#"s that. Why is working with linked genes not simple? MATERIALS AND APPARATUS PER CLASS * (60-70 oC) Water bath * 95% Ethanol * Extraction solution * Cheesecloth Ice chest containing ice PER GROUP * 40g Banana * 2 ziplock bags (Label Extraction 1 and Extraction 2) * 2 funnels * 2 test tubes * 50ml conical tube (2 pieces) * 500ml beaker (2 pieces) * Glass Rod (2 pieces) * Shampoo 4ml * Distilled water 40ml * Table Salt (NaOH) 0. Complementarity serves as the basis for both the replication of DNA and for the transcription of DNA into RNA. The DNA kiwi extraction shows how simple it may be to extract DNA from a living organism which is very essential because DNA gives important information DNA. What do we have in common with the banana plant? /BitsPerComponent 8 The article Whole-Genome Patterns of Common DNA Variations in Three Human Populations provides detailed and examination of core individual differences in DNA sequences. The point both 3 small test tubes and to investigate the cell nucleus to release the DNA. Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/extracting-dna-from-bananas/, Hire skilled expert and get original paper in 3+ hours, Run a free check or have your essay done for you, Didn`t find the right sample? The bag was closed with minimum content of air. Purpose :
with free plagiarism report. 19 April, 2016. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Melissa Wilson Sayres. /Subtype /Image Pour the mix into the filter and let it sit until all of the liquid drips down into the cup. Kiwis and bananas both together produced the same amount of strawberries alone. Get expert help in mere cookie policy. 6T3G]Zq`S;z*H27$21a4a@ aaSn;,8@ U
What is the purpose of extracting DNA from banana? stream
", American Psychological Association. 135 0 obj
<>
endobj
Bananas and strawberries are great choices. Lastly, All Papers Are For Research And Reference Purposes Only. dna-extraction-lab-report-banana-conclusion 2/7 Downloaded from kelliemay.com on October 4, 2022 by guest sprint against other world-class researchers to solve one of science's greatest mysteries gives a dazzlingly clear picture of a world of brilliant scientists with great gifts, very human ambitions, and bitter rivalries. We manage to learn basic DNA extraction processes. Some of the protein is still present. Strawberry DNA Extraction - the University of Queensland, How to Extract DNA from a Banana - Regina Bailey. Breaking cells open to release the DNA. ASU - Ask A Biologist. Equipment You will need the following: Two clear glasses/cups Sealable plastic bag Banana Blunt knife and teaspoon Plate/chopping board Measuring jug Even though the procedures vary considerably, they involve three main steps: lysis of cell wall, cell membrane and nuclear membrane, isolation of DNA from other cell inclusions, and purification of the extracted DNA. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is added. Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. <<37B5D6E5CA566B46AF6D8E49138E4E7A>]>>
Approximately 2ml of cold 95% ethanol was added into each test tube. If I mash up a living organism , then I can isolate the DNA . It was established in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick that the two strands of their proposed double helis are exact complements of one another, such that the rings of the ladder always consists of either A=T, or G=C base pairs. A. potential of crossing over in meiosis I B. << What is the formula for calculating solute potential? DNA can be extracted and observed. /Type /Catalog /4 When looking at DNA extraction,the key steps for isolating DNA from a plant cell or animal cell is to the solution is minimal remove the banana residue and transfer 5mL of the filtrate into a separate dry gas tube. The order in which the procedure is stated is very important because the cells must first be broken down in order to release the DNA to be seen. stream Save time and let our verified experts help you. The positively charged sodium ions in the salt help protect the negatively charged phosphate groups that run along the backbone of the DNA. Order custom essay Extracting Dna from Bananas This essay was written by a fellow student. In this biochemistry science project you will make your own DNA extraction kit from household materials and use it to purify DNA from strawberries. Altering Animals. The total number of DNA for each fruit had a big variation between strawberries compared to kiwis and bananas with a difference of 5 and 6. Its natural shape is called a double helix and when seen under extremely high-powered microscopes, it looks kind of like a ladder twisted into a spiral shape. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. What properties do bases have? These engineerings have created ballyhoo among scientists since they enable inexpensive and faster. Extracting DNA from a Banana and Other Fruits Introduction All living things, bananas and people included, pass on information from one generation to the next using the same basic material, DNA. While you may know of the double-helix structure of DNA, you can't see that structure with the naked eye. The type of RNA that helps in mRNA splicing is made by RNA polymerase ________. Water is a molecule of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O)more. Although concentrations were low, clear bands were still obtained from the amplifications. Materials: Extracting DNA from Bananas student handout 1 large banana 3/4 cups distilled . Some of the protein is still present. A.deletion B.duplication C.translocation D.transposition E.inversion 2 Which amino acid can sometimes be present at the P site without first. All of the above steps were completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except DNA and small cell debris to filter through. 2 What are the benefits of extracting DNA? Lastly, when good results were obtained, there was enough DNA to spool onto a rod or a plastic loop. /Creator ( w k h t m l t o p d f 0 . As part of the chromosomes, the information contained in genes can be transmitted faithfully by parents through gametes to their offspring. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes for a Happier, Healthier and Longer Life. Step 2: Put the banana into a bag. %PDF-1.5
A water bath was prepared. 2 Mar 2023. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna. Dna Banana Extraction Lab Answers Recognizing the pretentiousness ways to get this books dna banana extraction lab answers is additionally useful. We even have genes in common with the banana plant! /ca 1.0 Three heaping teaspoons of the banana mixture that was made in the beginning of the experiment was then added to the shampoo, salt, and water solution and mixed with a spoon for five to ten minutes. 1. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. 5 What is DNA extraction and what is its purpose? 0000003809 00000 n
How does detergent help to break down DNA? Do "ot $et the 0$ter touch the bottom, m#xture so that there are two $ayers o! The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine. 10 What do we have in common with the banana plant? /Type /XObject Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. DNA provides a blueprint for an organisms growth and development. Using the wooden coffee stirrer, the DNA can be spooled out of the solution. DNA is organized into genes and stores genetic information. Let us help you get a good grade on your paper. <>>>
Overall, the Lab: Extracting DNA from Bananas demonstrated and visualized the process of how DNA can be seen from the naked eye by removing DNA directly from bananas. DNA extractions the surface of genetic engineering. 0
Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Use the wooden stirrer to start poking the cloudy stuff in the alcohol layer. This procedure is designed to extract DNA from kiwi in sufficient quantity to be seen and spooled. 0000002514 00000 n
Avery and the other scientists discovered that DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next. DNA Extraction Conclusion - Google Docs Spinach DNA Extraction REE: The results from our experiment have shown that we were not able to spool DNA from eukaryotic cells. Each living organism has its own unique DNA sequence. p$ace #t #" a cappe% tube 0$$e% w#th a$coho$. 0000002160 00000 n
} !1AQa"q2#BR$3br 9>U0c4S7FK9>>Ns^|t_g7]}|qwwQvvpaZEU2pOUAK2wb)m-]v| startxref
0000011509 00000 n
0000003969 00000 n
conclusion-of-banana-dna-extraction-lab-pdf 2/5 Downloaded from thesource2.metro.net on February 15, 2023 by guest products. DNA is organized into genes and stores genetic information. Step 1: Chop up the banana. This complementarity between adenine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pairs and between guanine and cytosine nitrogenuos base pase pairs, attracted to one another by hydrogen bonds, is critical to genetic function. It holds the instructions necessary for the organism to grow and function, and is passed on from generation to generation through heredity. [/Pattern /DeviceRGB] 20g of banana was added into each ziplock bag labeled Extraction 1 and Extraction 2 3. Hypothesis: Order custom essay Strawberry DNA Extraction Lab Formal Write Up with free plagiarism report GET ORIGINAL PAPER Then the DNA can be precipitated, or come out of the solution, by adding alcohol. Gene: a region of DNA that instructs the cell on how to build protein(s). In this activity, you will extract and observe DNA from bananas. Result Photo 1: Test tubes containing solution S and SS CONCLUSION. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Descr#be the appeara"ce o! 1 2 . %PDF-1.4
%
Do you think the subject Chemistry is necessary or useful on your future career (in Industry, research, academe, engineering, etc.)? DNA can be extracted and observed. D. student in bioinformatics at the University of Georgia. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. your own essay or use it as a source, but you need When you are done, take a closer look at the stuff on the stirrer. Once extracted, DNA could be observed and inferences made about the nature of DNA, and then compare the differences between two DNA's amount. Such mutants from allelomorphs. The book is also an excellent resource for those studying or researching food technology, food science, food engineering, food packaging, applied nutrition, biotechnology, and more. DNA Extraction Lab Begin by watching the Video of a Strawberry DNA extraction, also available in the module, and think about how DNA extraction is possible. Within every living organism, most cells contain a complete set of DNA instructions. 0000039985 00000 n
7. endobj
In this activity, you will extract DNA from banana, strawberry and kiwi fruits. HSj@WcczG]A)-84H$$`;:4yofRSLGiqU"M l 8cjzR. The white DNA could be seen precipitating out of the alcohol layer. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Which DNA extraction the best? In 1944, a group of scientists led by Canadian biologist Oswald Avery performed an experiment that would determine which molecule in a heat-killed bacterium was most important for transformation to occur. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are May 2nd, 2018 - The banana DNA will begin to rise and precipitate out of solution Documents Similar To Lab Report 4 DNA Isolation Bio DNA Extraction Lab Report Lab Reports ScienceHK April 24th, 2018 - To learn the simple method of DNA extraction Take a picture which will be included in your lab report Who says lab reports can t be fun The test tubes were then observed. It is perhaps more amazing how a scientist discovers one. Step 8: Pour the drained liquid into a glass. 0000003225 00000 n
We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. For example, scientists can identity genetic cell membranes if the cell wall guards the cell, DNA extraction, a detergent will cause the cell to pop open, or lyse, so that the DNA is released into solution. When subjected to certain conditions, it is possible to collect large amounts of DNA to make it visible. can use them for free to gain inspiration and new creative ideas for their writing Ef+\:IZy}r(| F @q!4}g' U-CBb8sxurgg$t@AumUg Sx}Pa=cWyyh>WikxqB(;I&dCf&7CgCr(zMQl`PL
BXIfBk. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? ma)e up the membra"es surrou"%#"g the ce$$ a"% "uc$eus. The salt will help the DNA stick together once it is out of the cells. Materials for each group of students: the so$ut#o" whe" the a$coho$, #s a%%e%. 7 0 obj Melissa Wilson Sayres. (2018, Feb 11). 1 0 obj
166 0 obj
<>stream
DNA is a component of living and once-living things. 0000006862 00000 n
you can make your own DNA extraction or animal cells? /SA true 20 mL DNA extraction buffer (15 g NaCl/ 1 L water) 1 mL liquid dishwashing detergent Ice -cold 95% ethanol or 95% isopropyl alcohol 1/3 banana . Step 1. /Producer ( Q t 5 . DNA is made up of a series of monomers called nucleotides. * To properly and successfully extract DNA from banana using cell disruption and separation techniques. You must cite our web site as your source. All the methods employ agarose gel electrophoresis to separate the DNA molecules. harmony in order to life, Extracting Dna from Bananas. * To understand how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. Mashing the banana exposes a greater surface area from which to extract the DNA. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr /Length 8 0 R Body identification is a subfield of forensic science wherein investigators need to identify a body. The coffee filter was specifically placed in the cup so that it did not touch the bottom. 20 milliliters (four teaspoons) of distilled water was then added to the mixture. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. &t #s, #"cre%#b$y sma$$' but we ca" see #t by extract#"g DN a"%, %#st#$$e% water #" the p$ast#c bag' sea$ the bag a"%, so$ut#o" s$ow$y !or about a m#"ute u"t#$ the shampoo, the empty cup. How are native to assess its use banana dna extraction lab report conclusion! 3.
If the steps were altered then the yield or the amount of DNA per banana could have been very small because the DNA would get trapped inside the cells or bound to lipids. 19 Apr 2016. "Seeing DNA". Some additional protocols for DNA extractions: Sex Influenced Female Dominant Inheritance, beakers 100ml and 2x250ml (or jars that same size), liquid dishwashing detergent (clear solution works better than cloudy), Make a 10% solution of dishwashing detergent in one of your 250ml beakers (make enough to fill the mortar half way), Add the 10% detergent solution to cover the fruit, Grind the banana in the soap solution until there are no lumps (this is the hardest part, have the students take turns), Fasten a coffee filter to the 250 ml beaker with a rubber band so there is room for the fruit to be poured into the filter, Pour the fruit and soap mixture into the filter and place in a cold place to filter, Clean up your lab area while you are waiting for the filtering to complete, Remove the filter and throw away the contents, Pour enough of the liquid into a test tube to fill it 2 cm high, Add twice the volume of 95% ethanol (try to layer the alcohol on top by gently pouring it down the side of the test tube), The DNA will precipitate in the boundary between the alcohol and the banana mixture as a cloudy mass.